What does the term 'residual' refer to?

The term 'residual' refers to something that remains after the greater part has been removed, used, or dealt with. In this context, it denotes a portion that is left over. For example, in financial terms, residual income is what remains after all expenses have been deducted from total income. This meaning aligns closely with option A.

Other definitions associated with the other choices do not pertain to the concept of 'residual.' An immediate cause indicates something that prompts a direct effect, while a temporary state suggests a condition or situation that does not last long. A comprehensive analysis, on the other hand, implies a thorough examination of a subject. None of these definitions capture the essence of something that is leftover in the way that 'residual' does.