Which statement best defines 'phenomena'?

The term 'phenomena' refers to facts, occurrences, or observable events that can be perceived or experienced. This understanding of phenomena aligns closely with common scientific and philosophical usage, where the focus is on what can be observed, measured, or documented. This encompasses a wide range of occurrences in nature and life, from physical events to social dynamics.

The other options, while they may have their own relevance in different contexts, do not capture the essence of what phenomena refers to. Theories based on predictions suggest a more abstract approach, while uncommon events imply rarity rather than the general concept of observable facts. Likewise, abstract ideas lack the concrete aspect that phenomena provide, as they deal more with intangible concepts instead of things that can be seen or measured.